![]() ![]() Some attack subs are also armed with cruise missiles, increasing the scope of their potential missions to include land targets.Īttack submarines may be either nuclear-powered or diesel-electric ("conventionally") powered. They are also used to protect friendly surface combatants and missile submarines. In the Soviet and Russian navies they were and are called "multi-purpose submarines". The vessel sank there in 1936, after being used for target practice by bombers.Submarine designed to destroy other ships HMCS Windsor, an attack submarine of the Royal Canadian NavyĪn attack submarine or hunter-killer submarine is a submarine specifically designed for the purpose of attacking and sinking other submarines, surface combatants and merchant vessels. In December 2020, the remains of R-8 were discovered off the coast of Ocean City, Maryland. Built after World War I using materials assembled from cancelled S-class submarines, they were refitted in 1935––56, and renamed Islay, Casma, Pacocha, and Arica in 1957. Īt least one R-class submarine can be seen briefly in the 1943 movie Crash Dive, filmed at the New London submarine base.Įlectric Boat built four R-class boats for the Peruvian Navy ( R-1 to R-4). The tapered after casing became a step as a result of this modification. A motor room hatch was added, the motor room being the aftermost compartment. R-12 was lost on 12 June 1943 in an accident off Key West.Īt some point between the wars the US R class were modified for improved rescue ability in the event of sinking. P.514 was lost on 21 June 1942 in a collision with the Canadian minesweeper HMCS Georgian due to being mistaken for a U-boat. Three ( R-3, R-17, and R-19) were transferred to the United Kingdom's Royal Navy as HMS P.511, HMS P.512, and HMS P.514 in 1941-1942. At least two R-boats unsuccessfully fired torpedoes at German U-boats on the Bermuda patrols. The Group 1 boats, after crossing the Panama Canal as a group of 20 on Januwere decommissioned in 1931, but were recommissioned in 1940, patrolling in the Caribbean or being used as sonar targets at Key West, Florida, also patrolling between Submarine Base New London, Connecticut and Bermuda. The Lake company's demise in 1924 and the obsolescent 18-inch torpedo armament probably also contributed to this. Unlike the Group 1 boats, most of which survived to serve in World War II, the Group 2 boats were scrapped in 1930 as part of the Navy's compliance with the London Naval Treaty. This probably housed expanded ballast tanks. Some Group 2 boats were fitted with a bow fairing to improve reserve buoyancy. Their smaller size compared with Group 1 allowed Lake to repeat the machinery of their O-class boats, which probably resulted in cost savings. They were equipped with the same 3-inch/50 deck gun as the Group 1 boats. Compared with the Lake-designed O-class group, these featured a double hull and had their diving planes more conventionally positioned fore and aft, but retained the Lake O-class' characteristic wide stern and 18 inch (450 mm) torpedo tubes. and are sometimes regarded as a separate class, the R-21 class. ![]() Group 2 R-21 to R-27, which were slightly smaller and faster than the R-1s, were designed and built by Lake Torpedo Boat Co. A more powerful fixed 3-inch (76 mm)/50 caliber deck gun replaced the retractable 3-inch/23 caliber gun found on previous classes. For the first time in a US submarine class, 21 inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes were fitted, a tube diameter that is still standard worldwide. These single-hull boats were structurally very similar to the preceding O class, but larger and therefore with more powerful machinery to maintain the required speed. Although R-15 through R-20 were completed July–October 1918, they did not serve overseas, and the bulk of the class were not completed until after the Armistice.ĭesign Group 1 The R-1 through R-20 boats, designed by Electric Boat and built by Fore River Shipyard and Union Iron Works, were known as the R-1-class submarines. ![]() With the first of the class laid down following the American entry into World War I, they were built rapidly. The R-class submarines were a class of United States Navy submarines active from 1918 until 1945. 4 × 18 inch (450 mm) torpedo tubes, 8 torpedoes.4 × 21 inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes, 8 torpedoes.2 × 400 hp (298 kW) Diehl electric motors.2 × 500 hp (373 kW) Busch-Sulzer diesel engines.2 × 600 hp (447 kW) NELSECO diesel engines.Tied up along the dock from right to left: R-12 (SS-89), R-15 (SS-92), R-13 (SS-90) with R-9 (SS-86) and an unidentified R-boat probably in Pearl Harbor, c. ![]()
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